Interesting question, and it requires that we define our
terms a bit first, as certain groups are currently playing fast and loose with
the word “gender”. The following is a little bit of linguistic history nicked from Infogalactic:
“Sexologist John Money introduced the terminological distinction between biological sex and
gender as a role in 1955. Before his work, it was uncommon to use the word gender to refer to anything but grammatical categories. However, Money’s meaning of the word did not become widespread until the 1970s, when feminist
theory embraced the concept of a distinction between biological sex and the social construct of gender.”
I believe this is more or less accurate. Let’s go with it.